A recent study published in the journal Nature clearly shows that pesticide residues have a greater impact on soil life than previously assumed. International researchers examined 373 soil samples from 26 European countries – with alarming results.
Residues of at least one pesticide were found in around 70% of the soils examined. Fungicides and herbicides were particularly common. Glyphosate and its degradation product AMPA were most frequently detected. The highest concentrations were found in arable land, followed by grassland and forests.
The study also shows that pesticide residues massively influence biodiversity in the soil. After soil properties, they are the second most important factor for the composition of soil organisms. This affects, among others, bacteria, fungi, nematodes and arthropods, which play a central role in nutrient cycles and soil fertility.
Particularly critical: Even beneficial soil organisms such as mycorrhizal fungi are damaged. This can impair the natural nutrient supply to plants – with the consequence that more fertilizer is needed to secure yields.
The researchers therefore demand that the effects of plant protection products on the entire soil ecosystem should be given greater consideration in approval procedures in the future. Soil protection is a central prerequisite for sustainable agriculture.